再做 Oracle 11gR2 RAC+DG3
上一部分配置了dg备库asm磁盘组，RAC主库准备, 这一部分继续dg备库准备,初始化文件,
控制文件,数据库文件恢复, standby logfile创建,RAC主库到dg备库日志同步等内容
将node1节点/rman_backup下面的数据库备份文件, 初始化文件,控制文件,
归档日志全部拷贝的dg的/rman_backup下面
这是node1 /rman_backup/下的备份文件
将这些文件通过FTP,或者其他方式传送到dg备库的/rman_backup目录下，传送完成如下：
物理备库创建口令文件
dg编辑.bash_profile如下：
export PATH
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=dg.localdomain
export ORACLE_SID=phydb
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME/product/11.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=phydb
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export LANG=en_US
export NLS_LANG=american_america,AL32UTF8
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT=’yyyy/mm/dd hh24/mi:ss’
umask 022
执行source .bash_profile 使环境变量立即生效
输出dg备库的环境变量
dg -> env | grep ORA
ORACLE_UNQNAME=phydb
ORACLE_SID=phydb
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=dg.localdomain
ORACLE_TERM=xterm
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
dg备库初始化文件修改
初始化文已从node1的/rman_backup下复制到dg的/rman_backup下, 名为initphydb.ora ,
dg备库/rman_backup下的initphydb.ora拷贝到$ORACLE_HOME/dbs下，修改后dg才能使用。
初始化文件修改如下：
phydb.__db_cache_size=180355072
phydb.__java_pool_size=4194304
phydb.__large_pool_size=4194304
phydb.__oracle_base=’/u01/app/oracle’
phydb.__pga_aggregate_target=335544320
phydb.__sga_target=402653184
phydb.__shared_pool_size=239075328
*.audit_file_dest=’/u01/app/oracle/admin/phydb/adump’
*.audit_trail=’db’
*.cluster_database=false
*.compatible=’11.2.0.0.0′
*.control_files=’+DATA/phydb/controlfile/cont.ctl’
*.core_dump_dest=’/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/phydb/cdump’
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_create_file_dest=’+DATA’
*.db_file_name_convert=’+DATA/devdb/’,’+DATA/phydb/’
*.db_name=’devdb’
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4070572032
*.db_unique_name=’phydb’
*.diagnostic_dest=’/u01/app/oracle’
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=phydbXDB)’
*.fal_client=’phydb’
*.fal_server=’devdb1′,’devdb2′
*.log_archive_config=’dg_config=(devdb,phydb)’
*.log_archive_dest_1=’location=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles)
db_unique_name=phydb’
*.log_archive_dest_2=’service=devdb1 valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role)
db_unique_name=devdb’
*.log_archive_format=’ARC_%t_%S_%r.arc’
*.log_file_name_convert=’+DATA/devdb/’,’+DATA/phydb/’
*.memory_target=842006528
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile=’exclusive’
*.service_names=’phydb’
*.standy_file_management=’auto’
*.thread=1
*.undo_management=’auto’
*.undo_tablespace=’UNDOTBS1
创建adump和cdump
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/phydb/adump
midir -p /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/phydb/cdump
建立+DATA/ 下的phydb 即+DATA/phydb/
grid用户登录dg
执行asmcmd然后在+data/下创建phydb目录
配置RAC主库,dg备库tnsnames.ora
查看node2的 tnsnames.ora
su – oracle
cat $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
发现缺少devdb，devdb1连接信息，补充后tnsname.ora信息如下
DEVDB =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.137.158)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = devdb)
(INSTANCE_NAME = devdb)
)
)
devdb1 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.137.151)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = devdb
(INSTANCE_NAME = devdb1)
)
)
devdb2 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.137.152)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = devdb)
(INSTANCE_NAME = devdb2)
)
)
phydb =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.137.159)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = phydb)
)
)
将node2中修改好的tnsnames.ora复制到node1和dg的 $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/下
这就保证了连接信息的一致性
dg备库检测,确认能否访问scan-ip , node1 , node2 , dg
conn scott/tiger@devdb
conn scott/tiger@devdb1
conn scott/tiger@devdb2
至此dg备库准备工作就完成了.
dg备库启动到mount状态
刚只是把RAC主库的控制文件复制到/rman_backup目录下,dg必须应用该控制文件.才能切换到mount状态.
dg先启动到nomount状态,然后RMAN恢复控制文件
[root@dg ~]# su – oracle
dg -> sqlplus
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Jul 22 22:21:40 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 839282688 bytes
Fixed Size 2217992 bytes
Variable Size 587204600 bytes
Database Buffers 247463936 bytes
Redo Buffers 2396160 bytes
RMAN恢复控制文件
[root@dg ~]# su – oracle
dg -> rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 – Production on Fri Jul 22 22:25:33 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: DEVDB (not mounted)
RMAN> restore standby controlfile from ‘/rman_backup/standby_0fr8au65_1_1.ctl’;
starting restore at 2016/06/22 00:06:15
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=24 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete. elapsed time: 00:00:03
output file name=+DATA/phydb/controlfile/cont.ctl
Finished restore at 2016/06/22 00:06:18
dg备库有了控制文件后就可以mount了.
dg切换到oracle用户,sqlplus 进入后直接mount就行
SQL> alter database mount;
Database altered.
SQL> select open_mode from v$database;
OPEN_MODE
————————————————————
MOUNTED
RMAN恢复dg备库
dg -> rman target /
RMAN> run
{allocate channel c1 type disk;
allocate channel c2 type disk;
allocate channel c3 type disk;
allocate channel c4 type disk;
restore database;
release channel c1;
release channel c2;
release channel c3;
release channel c4;
}
备库恢复过程如下:
现在dg备库已经恢复好了.
dg备库创建standby logfile
创建standby logfile 用来接收主库传递过来的重做日志,然后定期利用这个日志进行数据同步与恢复
创建standby logfile 遵循的规则是:首先大小一定和主库的大小一样大, 其次要比实例下面的日志组个数多1.
接下来为主库的每一个实例(线程)创建standby 日志文件, 当然在创建前查看一下相关数据信息
RAC主库node1 查看日志组情况
SQL > select * from v$log; , 每个节点2组日志.
创建standby_log
alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 5 size 50m, group 6 size 50m , group 7 size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 8 size 50m, group 9 size 50m , group 10 size 50m;
查看一下刚才创建的standby redo logfile
SQL> select group#,DBID,THREAD#,SEQUENCE#,STATUS from v$standby_log;
GROUP# DBID THREAD# SEQUENCE# STATUS
———- ————— ———- ———- ———-
5 UNASSIGNED 1 0 UNASSIGNED
6 UNASSIGNED 1 0 UNASSIGNED
7 UNASSIGNED 1 0 UNASSIGNED
8 UNASSIGNED 2 0 UNASSIGNED
9 UNASSIGNED 2 0 UNASSIGNED
10 UNASSIGNED 2 0 UNASSIGNED
6 rows selected.
可以看见standby logfile日志组5,6,7在THREAD1中,5,6,7在THREAD2中.
配置主库到备库的日志同步
node1和node2切换到oracle用户,测试实例连通性
sqlplus / as sysdba
conn sys/Oracle168@devdb as sysdba
conn sys/Oracle168@devdb1 as sysdba
conn sys/Oracle168@devdb2 as sysdba
conn sys/Oracle168@phydb as sysdba
node1配置让RAC主库的归档日志传输到dg备库上去
alter system set log_archive_dest_2=’service=phydb lgwr sync
valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=phydb’ sid=’*’;
show parameter log_archive;
node2重启一次,然后执行 show parameter log_archive; 如果log_archive_dest_state_2也是enable的,
那么配置正确.
rman target /
list archivelog all; 出现如下图所示的,则归档已经产生.
测试RAC主库切换日志,dg备库是否同步
检查RAC主库和dg备库状态
SQL> select dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status
from gv$database;
DBID NAME CURRENT_SCN PROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE FOR OPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
———- ——— ———– ——————– —————- — ——————– ——————–
818758572 DEVDB 3454281 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE PRIMARY YES READ WRITE TO STANDBY
818758572 DEVDB 3454280 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE PRIMARY YES READ WRITE TO STANDBY
SQL> select dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status
from gv$database;
DBID NAME CURRENT_SCN PROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE FORCE_LOGOPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
———- ——— ———– ——————– —————- — ——————– ——————–
818758572 DEVDB 3284512 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE PHYSICAL STANDBY YES MOUNTED NOT ALLOWED
返回的结果显示,RAC主库node1和node2, DATABASE_ROLE都是PRIMARY的;FORCE_LOGING是开启的,
OPEN_MODE是READ WRITE的; SWITCHOVER_STATUS是TO STANDBY的.
dg备库,DATABASE_ROLE是PHYSICAL STANDBY的;FORCE_LOGING是开启的;OPEN_MODE是MOUNTED的
SWITCHOVER_STATUS是NOT ALLOWED的
状态满足日志同步要求.
测试node1到dg备库的同步,下图说明了同步成功.
node2到dg的同步操作方法一样就不再演示了.